What are halogen elements? Halogen elements are very reactive. What are some uses of halogen elements? What are the major properties of the halogen elements? Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. What are the major properties of the halogen elements? The halogen elements are the six elements in Group 17 of the periodic table. With sodium, they produce salts, of which table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is the most well known. Iodine is used as an antiseptic. In addition, chlorine is part of table salt, sodium chloride, which is one of the most widely used chemical compounds. Chlorine is used to purify water. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Each halogen atom has seven valence electrons in its outermost electron shell. Astatine and tennessine are radioactive elements with very short half-lives and thus do not occur naturally. Fluorine is used in fluorides, which are added to water supplies to prevent tooth decay. What are halogen elements? Therefore, when a halogen atom can receive an electron from an atom of a different element, the two atoms form a very stable compound, because the halogen atom’s outermost electron shell is then full. Group 17 occupies the second column from the right in the periodic table and contains fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatine (At), and tennessine (Ts).

Why are these elements called halogens? Because of their great reactivity, the free halogen elements are not found in nature. The percentages of the halogens in the igneous rocks of Earth’s crust are 0.06 fluorine, 0.031 chlorine, 0.00016 bromine, and 0.00003 iodine. When these elements react with sodium, they produce salts. Group 17 (Group VIIa) of the periodic table. The most well known of these is sodium chloride, or common table salt (also called halite). The halogen elements are fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatine (At), and tennessine (Ts). They were given the name halogen, from the Greek roots hal- (“salt”) and -gen (“to produce”), because they all produce sodium salts of similar properties, of which sodium chloride-table salt, or halite-is best known. The halogen elements show great resemblances to one another in their general chemical behaviour and in the properties of their compounds with other elements. In combined form, fluorine is the most abundant of the halogens in Earth’s crust. Astatine and tennessine do not occur in nature, because they consist of only short-lived radioactive isotopes.

Indeed, the general term salt is derived from rock salt, or table salt (sodium chloride).

There is, however, a progressive change in properties from fluorine through chlorine, bromine, and iodine to astatine-the difference between two successive elements being most pronounced with fluorine and chlorine. Chlorine is the best known of the halogen elements. Many of the halides may be considered to be salts of the respective hydrogen halides, which are colourless gases at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and (except for hydrogen fluoride) form strong acids in aqueous solution. In the past ethylene dibromide was extensively used as an additive in leaded gasoline. The free element is widely used as a water-purification agent, and it is employed in a number of chemical processes. In oxidizing another element, a halogen is itself reduced; i.e., the oxidation number 0 of the free element is reduced to −1. The halogens can combine with other elements to form compounds known as halides-namely, fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, and astatides. Fluorine is the most reactive of the halogens and, in fact, of all elements, and it has certain other properties that set it apart from the other halogens. Indeed, the general term salt is derived from rock salt, or table salt (sodium chloride). Probably the most important generalization that can be made about the halogen elements is that they are all oxidizing agents; i.e., they raise the oxidation state, or oxidation number, of other elements-a property that used to be equated with combination with oxygen but that is now interpreted in terms of transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Iodine is most familiar as an antiseptic, and bromine is used chiefly to prepare bromine compounds that are used in flame retardants and as general pesticides. Fluorides are known chiefly for their addition to public water supplies to prevent tooth decay, but organic fluorides are also used as refrigerants and lubricants. Table salt, sodium chloride, of course, is one of the most familiar chemical compounds.

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